So I was just reading something that led me to search for the book Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, since I've never read it. When I found it on Google Books, I noticed that the book had been scanned with the page that included the bookplate of the original owner.
As we can see, this edition of the book was published in 1916, in New York. I guess little Emma Ward Woolfolk could have acquired this book at any time - when it was published, or at a thrift store last week - but according to Google Books, they scan volumes that have been sitting around in libraries for awhile, so I'm assuming she got it around the time when it was published, since personalized bookplates are much less common then they were back then.
*sidenote - I google Emma Ward Woolfolk, and found a reference to a 1936 marriage of a person with that name to Dr. John Alexander, the 17th president of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (whatever that is). I have no idea if it was the same person, but how cool would it be if it were?
Anyway, back to the bookplates. Ex-libris
or 'bookplates' are small prints or labels designed to be pasted
into books to indicate their owner. ("ex-libris" literally means "from books", and is taken to mean "from the library of" when on a bookplate).
I'm sort of a bibliophile myself, and I actually had many books when I was younger that I pasted my own bookplates into. I still have some, but others are long gone - maybe in a library somewhere, or a goodwill, or someone's attic - and I thought it was pretty cool that years later, someone might see those bookplates and wonder who I was.
Unfortunately, my bookplates weren't custom made, so they wouldn't really tell anyone that much about me, beyond the rough timeframe of when I owned the book, and that I was a child, from my handwriting.
Originally, bookplates were custom made for the library owner, depicting crests, mottos, and other clues that might tell you a little bit about who the person was. Wikipedia told me that the first marks of book ownership go as far back as Egypt in the 1300's, and bookplates as we know them now (with images and names) originated in Germany sometime in the 1500's.

(This ex-libris was made by Albrecht Dürer before 1503. The text ‘sibi et amicis’ means ‘belonging to him and his friends’, a reminder of the pleasure of sharing one’s treasures with friends, and also of the rarity and value of books at that time.)
Ex-libris became more common in France in the 1700's, replacing the more expensive practice of gold-stamping the book's binding with a personalized mark or crest. (though that sounds pretty awesome). For a long time, family crests were commonly depicted on these bookplates, since even people who couldn't read would recognize them - and since most people who would have a personal library would also have a family crest.

*source: an excellent history of ex-libris can be found here.
Around the late 1800's, people started to get into collecting ex-libris, which in turn sparked a renewed interest in using bookplates for personal libraries (which explains little Emma's bookplate). A lot of new books were being pulped to make new paper at this time, which made it easier for people to remove and form large ex-libris collections.
There are loads of ex-libris collectors societies and a few cool blogs about them. Here are a few of my favorite bookplates that I've seen online:




Now I'm kind of thinking about getting some custom bookplates made up, and documenting my personal library now - which will hopefully one day have a room of it's own.





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